Payam Amouzegari; Mostafa Panahi; mir khalagh mirnia
Abstract
Groundwater resources are the most important source of fresh water in the world. In Iran which is located in the arid and semi-arid region, mismatch of consumption needs with rainfall time along with climate change has increased the demand for groundwater. Excessive extraction of groundwater in the Alashtar ...
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Groundwater resources are the most important source of fresh water in the world. In Iran which is located in the arid and semi-arid region, mismatch of consumption needs with rainfall time along with climate change has increased the demand for groundwater. Excessive extraction of groundwater in the Alashtar Watershed reduced the water level in the aquifer of the plain and water resources of this area have faced a negative balance. Due to the inherent limitations of the country's water resources and increasing the split between supply and demand, the use of economic instruments and the establishment of the water market for optimal allocation of groundwater is a necessity. Accordingly, this study in order to determine the market price of groundwater with the aim of accurately identifying the local markets for groundwater and also measure the views of local water market operators about some of the strategies for advance the water market designed and implemented. The statistical population in this research was all rural exploiters are the main reservoirs of groundwater in the basin who contribute to the buy and sale of these resources. Regarding market prices in the study area, the average price of groundwater was 1,749 Rials per cubic meter, and the total value of groundwater was estimated as 555,307.5 Milion Rials. The results showed that in 103 villages there is a market for the buy and sale of groundwater. Those villages that have a local groundwater market, 76% of the villages have been established by creating popular organizations and the water regulatory council and 43% of the villages by create a bulletin board agreed to facilitate the buy and sale of groundwater resources.
Payam Amouzegari; Mostafa Panahi; Seyed Khalagh Mirnia; Alireza Daneshi
Abstract
Groundwater resources management is one of the most important issues of natural resources management. Lack of proper management of these resources has caused serious problems such as land subsidence, aquifer salinity and the annihilation of wetlands. With population growth, has increased demand groundwater ...
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Groundwater resources management is one of the most important issues of natural resources management. Lack of proper management of these resources has caused serious problems such as land subsidence, aquifer salinity and the annihilation of wetlands. With population growth, has increased demand groundwater and led to water scarcity in many parts of the world including Iran. Estimating the economic value of groundwater is a fundamental step in water resources management strategies. The present study was conducted using interviews and questionnaires to estimate the average willingness to pay the population of the villagers living in Alashtar Plain. In this regard, some of the most important socio-economic variables of the studied population and their role in optimizing the management of groundwater resources have been studied. The statistical society in this research includes the population of villagers residing in the Alashtar Plain as the beneficiaries of groundwater resources in the area with a sample size of 490 was calculated by the Cochran formula. However, the average willingness to pay to protect groundwater resources for each household of the Alashtar Plain was estimated as 1,758,920 Rials per year. Results showed that the total value of groundwater protection in the Alashtar Plain is 8,913 Milion Rials per year. The protective value of one cubic meter of groundwater for the population that has stated their willingness to pay is based on a contingent valuation method of 208.647 Rials. It was also observed that the offered price variables, annual household income and level of education significantly affect willingness to pay for the respondents. Given the fact that there is no market for groundwater non-use value, the findings of this paper can be a powerful tool for decision making and water resources management for water sector managers.
Banafshe Yasrebi; Majid Soufi; Mir Khalagh Mirnia; Jahangard Mohammadi
Abstract
This research focused on studying the morphometric characteristics, topographic threshold of gullies and their relationships, dominant process of gully initiation and development stages as well, in agricultural and rangeland land uses. Also, morphometric characteristics of 120 gullies including top width, ...
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This research focused on studying the morphometric characteristics, topographic threshold of gullies and their relationships, dominant process of gully initiation and development stages as well, in agricultural and rangeland land uses. Also, morphometric characteristics of 120 gullies including top width, bottom width and headcut height and surface characteristics of gullies contributing area including vegetation, rock fragment and bare soil by 1 m2 plot and soil samples from top soil and gullies wall were collected in semi-arid part of Ilam Province. Results showed that top width–depth ratio of gullies in cropland and rangeland is 2.1 and 1.5, respectively that widening and deepening has more important role in gully growth. Top width-length ratios are 0.41 and 0.57 in croplands and rangelands, respectively that shows rangeland gullies are more elongated. Negative exponential relationship between those ratios and slope shows the effect of topographic factors especially slope on final shape of gullies. Bottom width-top width ratio in croplands and rangelands is about 0.33 and 0.3, respectively and cross section shapes are trapezoidal and V shape. Results showed that slope describes 16 percent of cross sections area variation and lateral growth of gullies in croplands and rangelands and describes 84 and 73 percent of gully volume variation. Effective factors on gully volume are sand content in top soil, land use and slope. Studied gullies in both land uses have mean fractal dimension of 1.08 and has linear growth with length and power growth with volume of gully. Power of Hack law in studied gullies in croplands and rangelands gullies are 0.5 and 0.54, respectively.
